Causes and Solutions of Drip Irrigation

Drip irrigation has the advantages of saving water, reducing energy consumption, protecting the soil environment, and increasing production and efficiency. It is an advanced and applicable technology that has been vigorously promoted and applied in our province in recent years. An effective means for the construction of a rural conservation-oriented society has a strong development momentum in various places. Recently, some places reflect the problem of blockage in the use of drip irrigation, which seriously affects the performance of drip irrigation and even causes the system to be scrapped. The reason is that the drip irrigation system itself has higher requirements for irrigation water quality, especially the built-in drip irrigation pipes, such as system design defects, or use. Improper, it is easy to cause the drip irrigation system to be blocked, which needs to be paid enough attention.

       I. Causes of Drip Irrigation

1. Physical blockage. This is the main cause of drip irrigation blockage. The quality of the irrigation water is poor, and the filtering system is incomplete. After the sundries and other debris are pumped into the pipes and drip irrigation pipes by the pump, when they pass through the inlaid dripper serrated flow path, the debris blocks the flow path and the dripper cannot produce water. .

2, the sediment is blocked. It is mainly caused by chemical fertilizers and water precipitation. One is that some fertilizers left in the drip irrigation tube after drip irrigation fertilization will precipitate, such as calcium sulfate, etc., and the dripper channel will be blocked. Second, if the drip irrigation water is hard water and the carbonate content is high, long-term use will generate more scale on the inner wall of the drip irrigation and block the dripper.

3. Biological blockage. Crop roots invade drip irrigation holes, or blockages caused by the growth of algae and other microorganisms in irrigation water. The water flow and uneven irrigation of the crop root system will cause the root system to grow into the water holes of drip irrigation, and extend into the water holes to cause blockage. If the irrigation water is rich in algae and other organisms, drip irrigation systems are often combined with fertilization and irrigation, and light-shielding facilities such as fertilizer ponds are not in place, which will easily cause large numbers of microorganisms to multiply and block the inner walls of drip irrigation.

Second, the solution and use requirements

1. Pretreatment of drip irrigation water. This is a cost-effective way to prevent clogging. The stricter the pre-treatment, the less physical clogging will occur. According to the water quality and flow rate, barbed wire is used as three pollution barriers at the water intake of the pump. The number of installed pollution barriers ranges from small to large, which can range from 10 to 50 mesh, respectively, to remove suspended mud and debris. Or the river water is introduced into the reservoir, and it is set aside after sedimentation, and covered with light to prevent sundries and algae breeding.

2. Apply drip fertilization correctly. The first is to use soluble fertilizer, and the fertiliser must be installed before the filter. The second is that fertilization can only be carried out when the filtering equipment of the drip irrigation system is normal. After the fertilization is completed, the system should be rinsed with clean water for about 5 minutes to prevent sedimentation of the remaining fertilizer in the pipeline.

3. Rinse the drip irrigation pipe and filter regularly. When the newly installed drip irrigation pipe is used for the first time, the plug at the end of the drip irrigation pipe must be opened and fully flushed with water. The impurities in the pipe can be washed before starting to use. Generally, the drip irrigation should be washed again after 5 uses. Always check the filter before watering, turn on the filter backwashing device to decontaminate, remove impurities accumulated on the filter screen in time, prevent the filter from being blocked, and replace the filter screen if it is damaged.

4. Reasonably install the filtering system and drip irrigation pipe. According to the pretreated water quality, the first part should be installed with sand and gravel filter, lamination type, screen filter or combined use for filtering treatment, and the water quality can generally reach the standard of drip irrigation water. If a small-flow screen filter is installed after the shed head valve for secondary filtering, the safety performance of the drip irrigation system can be greatly improved. When a drip irrigation pipe is installed in the field, the drip hole on the drip irrigation pipe faces upwards, which can cause a small amount of impurities in the water to settle on the bottom of the pipe and prevent the root system from invading the drip irrigation hole.

5. Chemical prevention. If chemical blocking of fertilizers such as drip irrigation occurs, acid cleaning can be performed if necessary, which can achieve the effects of disinfection, suppression and elimination of algae and microorganisms in the water at the same time. Perchloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and other acids are commonly used. The pH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.0 during use, and the concentration must be strictly controlled during treatment to avoid harm to the crop. When cleaning the acid solution, pay attention to lowering the system irrigation pressure to slow down the flow rate and improve the effect of pickling. Rinse with water after finishing.